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 16 December 1999
⇐19991215 ⇐Week ⇐Rotation Today Rotation⇒ Week⇒ 19991217⇒

Welcome to the Flare Prediction System. This page lists the active regions present on the Sun today, together with their probability of producing C-, M-, or X-class events. Flare probabilities are calculated using NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center data combined over 1969-1976 and 1988-1996 (details of which can be found in Bloomfield et al., 2012, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 747, L41, along with full forecast verification testing). The percentage probabilities are based on the number of flares produced by regions classified using the McIntosh classification scheme (McIntosh, P., 1990, Solar Physics, 125, 251) during cycles 21 and 22. For example, over both time periods there were 377 regions classified Eai. As this class produced 131 M-class events, the mean M-class flare rate is ~131/377 or ~0.347 flares per day. Assuming the number of flares per unit time is governed by Poisson statistics, we can estimate a flaring probability for the following 24-hours using P( one or more flares ) = 1 - exp( -mean ), i.e., P = 1 - exp( -0.347 ) ~ 0.29, or 29% for an Eai class region to produce one or more M-class flares in the next 24-hours.

See Gallagher, P. T., Moon, Y.-J., Wang, H., Solar Physics, 209, 171, (2002),
Wheatland, M. S., 2001, Solar Physics, 203, 87 and Moon et al., 2001, Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, 106(A12) 29951 for further details.

Click here for a description of the various active region classifications from the Royal Observatory of Belgium.
Region Flare Probabilities (%)
Number McIntosh C-class M-class X-class
No Prediction Found

NOTE: Occurrence of '...' indicates that McIntosh class was not observed in the period over which the Poisson flare rate statistics were determined. Values in parantheses/brackets give the NOAA/SWPC forecast probabilities for the occurrence of one or more C-, M-, or X-class flares. When viewed in real-time and before 22:00 UT, NOAA predictions are valid up to 22:00 UT on the current date. When viewed in real-time after 22:00 UT (or when viewing past dates), NOAA predictions are valid up to 22:00 UT on the following date. The most recent data can also be found at NOAA's 3-day Space Weather Predictions page.

Please contact Peter Gallagher if you have any comments or questions regarding this research.


Today's/Yesterday's NOAA Active Regions
NOAA Number
Latest
Position
Hale
Class
McIntosh Class
Sunspot Area
[millionths]
Number of Spots
Recent
Flares
08788 N14W91
(916",228") 		α/β Hax/Fao 0080/0170 01/05 -
08792 N20W37
(536",337") 		β/α Bxo/Axx 0010/0000 03/01 -
08793 S16W84
(903",-258") 		α/- Axx/- 0000/- 01/- -
08794 S14W34
(514",-214") 		β/α Bxo/Hsx 0020/0010 06/01 C2.2(08:31) / -
08796 S26W45
(602",-403") 		α/α Axx/Axx 0000/0000 01/01 -
08797 S33W29
(385",-502") 		β/β Dso/Dao 0090/0080 10/07 -
08798 S14E34
(-514",-214") 		β/β Dkc/Dao 0280/0100 14/05 C2.4(07:20)
C2.5(03:09)
/ C1.3(15:20)
C2.5(14:12)
08799 S09E33
(-510",-133") 		β/β Dso/Dao 0050/0080 07/02 -
08800 N09E33
(-510",163") 		α/α Axx/Hrx 0000/0020 01/01 -
08801 S22W26
(385",-339") 		β/β Bxo/Bxo 0010/0000 04/02 -

Class (HH:MM) -Today
Class (HH:MM) -Yesterday

Events not associated with currently named NOAA regions: C3.5(20:10) C1.2(12:17)

Note: The tabulated data are based on the most recent NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary issued on 16-Dec-1999 00:30 . The greyed out and light-blue entries are values from the previous day. Slashed cells indicate that the active region has no spots. The latest positions of the active regions are given in both heliographic and heliocentric co-ordinates. The region positions are valid on 16-Dec-1999 23:30 .