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 12 December 2002
⇐20021211 ⇐Week ⇐Rotation Today Rotation⇒ Week⇒ 20021213⇒

Welcome to the Flare Prediction System. This page lists the active regions present on the Sun today, together with their probability of producing C-, M-, or X-class events. Flare probabilities are calculated using NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center data combined over 1969-1976 and 1988-1996 (details of which can be found in Bloomfield et al., 2012, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 747, L41, along with full forecast verification testing). The percentage probabilities are based on the number of flares produced by regions classified using the McIntosh classification scheme (McIntosh, P., 1990, Solar Physics, 125, 251) during cycles 21 and 22. For example, over both time periods there were 377 regions classified Eai. As this class produced 131 M-class events, the mean M-class flare rate is ~131/377 or ~0.347 flares per day. Assuming the number of flares per unit time is governed by Poisson statistics, we can estimate a flaring probability for the following 24-hours using P( one or more flares ) = 1 - exp( -mean ), i.e., P = 1 - exp( -0.347 ) ~ 0.29, or 29% for an Eai class region to produce one or more M-class flares in the next 24-hours.

See Gallagher, P. T., Moon, Y.-J., Wang, H., Solar Physics, 209, 171, (2002),
Wheatland, M. S., 2001, Solar Physics, 203, 87 and Moon et al., 2001, Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, 106(A12) 29951 for further details.

Click here for a description of the various active region classifications from the Royal Observatory of Belgium.
Region Flare Probabilities (%)
Number McIntosh C-class M-class X-class
No Prediction Found

NOTE: Occurrence of '...' indicates that McIntosh class was not observed in the period over which the Poisson flare rate statistics were determined. Values in parantheses/brackets give the NOAA/SWPC forecast probabilities for the occurrence of one or more C-, M-, or X-class flares. When viewed in real-time and before 22:00 UT, NOAA predictions are valid up to 22:00 UT on the current date. When viewed in real-time after 22:00 UT (or when viewing past dates), NOAA predictions are valid up to 22:00 UT on the following date. The most recent data can also be found at NOAA's 3-day Space Weather Predictions page.

Please contact Peter Gallagher if you have any comments or questions regarding this research.


Today's/Yesterday's NOAA Active Regions
NOAA Number
Latest
Position
Hale
Class
McIntosh Class
Sunspot Area
[millionths]
Number of Spots
Recent
Flares
10209 S17W91
(907",-273") 		α/α Hsx/Hsx 0060/0050 01/01 -
10212 N13W60
(803",154") 		β/β Dso/Dso 0020/0030 06/06 -
10213 N16W42
(612",176") 		β/α Cso/Axx 0020/0010 07/01 C8.3(12:33) / -
10215 S18W21
(324",-397") 		β/β Dso/Dao 0030/0060 09/10 -
10217 N12E03
(-48",81") 		β/α Bxo/Axx 0010/0010 03/01 -
10218 S19E16
(-248",-415") 		β/β Cao/Cso 0040/0060 07/03 -
10219 S05W65
(858",-131") 		α/α Axx/Hsx 0010/0010 01/01 -
10220 S12E07
(-113",-311") 		βγ/βγ Dai/Dai 0270/0310 25/16 - / C2.3(19:41)
C7.1(14:02)
C2.2(13:25)
10221 N23E21
(-314",267") 		β/α Cso/Hsx 0020/0020 04/01 - / C2.1(06:00)
10222 S06W17
(277",-211") 		β/- Cso/--- 0020/---- 08/-- -
10216 S23W91
(873",-366") 		/β /Dso /0020 /02 -

Class (HH:MM) -Today
Class (HH:MM) -Yesterday

Events not associated with currently named NOAA regions: C4.2(08:02) C1.9(09:50) C5.8(11:21) C1.9(16:55)

Note: The tabulated data are based on the most recent NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary issued on 12-Dec-2002 00:30 . The greyed out and light-blue entries are values from the previous day. Slashed cells indicate that the active region has no spots. The latest positions of the active regions are given in both heliographic and heliocentric co-ordinates. The region positions are valid on 12-Dec-2002 23:30 .